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этимология

Что (кто) такое Voluntary Arbitration Institute - определение

THEORY OF TAXATION

Voluntary Taxation; Voluntary tax

Arbitration Clause

CLAUSE IN A CONTRACT THAT REQUIRES THE PARTIES TO RESOLVE THEIR DISPUTES THROUGH AN ARBITRATION PROCESS

Mandatory arbitration; Forced arbitration; Arbitration clauses and class action waivers; Scott v. Avery

A clause in a sales contract outlining the method under which disputes will be settled.

Arbitration clause

CLAUSE IN A CONTRACT THAT REQUIRES THE PARTIES TO RESOLVE THEIR DISPUTES THROUGH AN ARBITRATION PROCESS

Mandatory arbitration; Forced arbitration; Arbitration clauses and class action waivers; Scott v. Avery

An arbitration clause is a clause in a contract that requires the parties to resolve their disputes through an arbitration process. Although such a clause may or may not specify that arbitration occur within a specific jurisdiction, it always binds the parties to a type of resolution outside the courts, and is therefore considered a kind of forum selection clause.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitration_clause

Voluntary return

RETURN OF AN ILLEGAL IMMIGRANT OR OVER-STAYER

Voluntary repatriation

Voluntary return or voluntary repatriation is usually the return of an illegal immigrant or over-stayer, a rejected asylum seeker, a refugee or displaced person, or an unaccompanied minor; sometimes it is the emigration of a second-generation immigrant who makes an autonomous decision to return to their ethnic homeland when they are unable or unwilling to remain in the host country.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voluntary_return

Википедия

Voluntary taxation

Voluntary taxation is a theory that states that taxation should be a voluntary act. Under the theory, people should have the option to pay taxes instead of being forced to pay taxes by their government. Under this theory, the people would control how much they pay and where they spend it. The theory is a part of Objectivist politics and many libertarian ideologies. Proponents of some studies assert that individuals will give to government, paying voluntary taxes to support specific functions.

In one study, subjects were each given $20 to be anonymously allocated between themselves and a charitable organization their discretion (repeated for 12 different organizations, $240 total/subject), voluntary donations for each organization averaged 22% to government organizations and 27% to private nonprofits, and were influenced by their cause, level, and perceptions of effectiveness and efficiency (on average, 76% of the endowment was kept by the subjects). State lotteries are an example of a voluntary taxation system.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voluntary taxation